VARICOSE VEINS

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Imagine those bulging, bluish lines on your legs—that’s varicose veins. They’re swollen and twisted veins, usually near the skin’s surface in your legs and feet. Sometimes, smaller red or purple lines (spider veins) appear around them.

While these veins can be uncomfortable and unsightly, they’re generally harmless. However, they can become tender, and itchy, and cause swollen ankles or leg aches.

There’s also a deeper network of veins in your legs that can become varicose, though these are usually invisible. These deeper varicose veins may cause leg swelling or pain and could be a site for blood clots.

What causes them?

Healthy veins have tiny valves that act like one-way doors, keeping blood flowing back to your heart. In varicose veins, these valves weaken or malfunction, allowing blood to pool and making it harder for muscles to push it upwards. This pooling increases pressure and makes the vein bulge and twist.

Here’s what can increase your risk:

• Family History: If your family has them, you’re more likely to develop them too.
• Being Female: Women are twice as likely as men to get varicose veins.
• Pregnancy: Pregnancy puts extra pressure on your veins.
• Obesity: Excess weight strains your veins.
• Standing or Sitting for Long Periods: This reduces blood flow in your legs.
• Age: Veins weaken as we age.
• Inactivity: Weak muscles can’t pump blood effectively.

Can you prevent them?

While genetics play a role, there are ways to lower your risk:

• Exercise Regularly: Stay active to keep your leg muscles strong and blood flowing.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Excess weight puts pressure on your leg veins.
• Avoid Tight Clothing: This can restrict blood flow.
• Ditch High Heels: Opt for flat or low-heeled shoes for better circulation.
• Move Around: Don’t sit or stand for extended periods. Stretch and move your legs often.
• Quit Smoking: Smoking may contribute to varicose veins.
• Sleep on Your Left Side (if Pregnant): This reduces pressure on your pelvic veins and improves blood flow to your baby.
• Compression Stockings: Ask your doctor if these can help.

Remember: This information is for general knowledge. If you have concerns about varicose veins, consult your doctor for personalized advice.

Sources:

• National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
• Mayo Clinic